History

What is Bohemian anyway, aren't you just a hippie?
Bohemianism is the practice of an unconventional lifestyle, often in the company of like-minded people and with few permanent ties. It involves musical, artistic, literary or spiritual pursuits. Bohemians may or may not be wanderers, adventurers, or vagabonds.

Use of the word bohemian first appeared in the English language in the 19th century to describe the non-traditional lifestyles of marginalized artists, writers, journalists, musicians, and actors in major European cities.

Bohemians were associated with unorthodox  political or social viewpoints, which often were expressed through free love, and—in some cases—simple living or voluntary poverty. A more economically privileged, wealthy, or even aristocratic bohemian circle is sometimes referred to as haute bohème (literally "high Bohemia").

The term bohemianism emerged in France in the early 19th century when artists and creators began to concentrate in the lower-rent, lower class, Romani neighborhoods.
The term bohemian has come to be very commonly accepted in our day as the description of a certain kind of literary gypsy, no matter in what language he speaks, or what city he inhabits .... A Bohemian is simply an artist or "littérateur" who, consciously or unconsciously, secedes from conventionality in life and in art.— Westminster Review, 1862
The term has become associated with various artistic or academic communities and is used as a generalized adjective describing such people, environs, or situations: bohemian (boho—informal) is defined in The American College Dictionary as "a person with artistic or intellectual tendencies, who lives and acts with no regard for conventional rules of behavior."

Many prominent European and American figures of the 19th and 20th centuries belonged to the bohemian subculture, and any comprehensive "list of bohemians" would be tediously long. Bohemianism has been approved of by some bourgeois writers
Boho vs Hippie
The Bohemian Style has become more of a fashion trend that will not quickly fade away. If anything, it scaled to the new rank of being a state of mind. Dressing in line with this type of style is a way of connecting oneself with nature and the world as a whole. In the recent years, a lot of emphasis has been put on this type of fashion, especially in summer festivals such as Coachella where “Boho” style is all the rage. People are jumping on this “Boho” bandwagon left and right, but many ignore the origins of this style and for new-comers it can get quite confusing. “Bohemian”? “Hippie”? “Boho”? “Boho chic”? What do all these terms mean?
 
Let’s start with the hippies!
Hippie

Before the hippies, there were the beatniks, who came from the Beat Generation of the 1950s. The beatniks were a group of rebellious people that read and wrote poetry as a way to express themselves, and they spent most of their time in coffee houses filled with other beatniks. The Beat philosophy was generally countercultural and anti-materialistic, and stressed the importance of bettering one's inner self over material possessions. Openness to African American culture and arts was apparent in their literature and music, notably jazz..
During the 1960s, aspects of the Beat movement metamorphosed into the counterculture of the 1960s, accompanied by a shift in terminology from "beatnik" to "hippie”. There were stylistic differences between beatniks and hippies. Sombre colors, dark sunglasses, and goatees gave way to colorful psychedelic clothing and long hair. Unlike hippies, the Beats were known for keeping a low profile.
Beyond style, there were changes in substance. The Beats tended to be essentially apolitical and rather immersed in their intellectual expression, but the hippies became actively engaged with the civil rights movement and the anti-war movement.
Originating from San Francisco, Hippies rejected established institutions, criticized middle class values, opposed nuclear weapons and the Vietnam War, championed sexual liberation, were often vegetarian and eco-friendly, promoted the use of psychedelic drugs which they believed expanded one's consciousness, and created intentional communities or communes
Rather than setting a sign against politics back then, the hippies wanted to promote the thought of self-realization, escaping the pressure of society and finding new ways to live life itself. They thrived on the rejection of the establishment of corporate culture and conservative values. They perceived the dominant culture as a corrupt, monolithic entity that exercised undue power over their lives, calling this culture "The Establishment", "Big Brother", or "The Man". 
They used alternative arts, psychedelic rock, street theatrefolk music, peaceful sit-ins and rallies as a part of their lifestyle and as a way of expressing their feelings, their protests and their vision of the world and life.
The hippie fashion itself is old-fashioned and politically driven. Originally, the hippies promoted flared jeans, unisex attire, and cored strands of beads, long hair, sandals, and bright colors. They propelled radical ideas.
Hippies
Their attires had a variety of symbols including harmony, unity, and affiliation to a certain common way of life. The hippie movement also settled on rejecting conformity. The fashion staples they had including bold patterns, intricate patterns, tie-dye, headpiece, accessories, and patchwork formed a strong representation of their economic, social, and political values.
But what about “Bohemians”? 
Bohemians
The Bohemians, as a counterculture, appeared in France after the French Revolution.
A few centuries ago, painters, musicians, and other creative minds were not regarded with the same degree of reverence afforded by modern audiences. Instead, they were seen as simple tradespeople. Many artists were born into their ‘trade’ and relied wholly on the patronage of the upper class to make a living.
After the French revolution, frustrated by the small-mindedness of bourgeois middle-class life which focused largely on propriety, and deprived of the former system of patronage, many writers, artists and other cultural influencers were calling for a return to freedom, feeling, and the wholehearted embrace of the spirit.  Dubbed Romantics, writers and artists began to promote the value of intuition and emotion over rationalism in defining both the arts and the human experience. Many took up a nomadic lifestyle, lived cheaply, and wore worn out and unfashionable or used clothing. In this endeavour, they elevated artists to heroes in the popular imagination—devoted individualists who were capable of fighting back against the greed of bourgeoisie and somewhat eccentric geniuses whose creativity was displayed in the way they lived and dressed.
Artist Bohemians
As the movement gained momentum, however, people started associating this new artistic type to wandering gypsies, and so, the Bohemian counter-culture was born – indicative of a lifestyle rather than a nationality. Writers like Henry Murger—whose famous work "Scenes de la Vie de Boheme" brought the word Bohemian into the public consciousness and worked to glorify and legitimize Bohemia—made a great effort to distance the term from the much-maligned ‘gypsies’ of central Europe who were viewed as thieves and assassins. 
Bohemians

They were quick to establish the idea that this new breed of artistic outsider was, if not noble, at least operating with a sense of higher purpose and pursuing truth, beauty, freedom, and love above all else.
From this humble beginning in Paris, the Bohemian Movement spread outward rapidly, soon reaching Britain and helping to spawn the decadent, morally ambiguous “Aesthetic movement” of the late 19th Century. And by the turn of the century, a Bohemian was not seen as just an artist, writer, or musician who had shrugged off the tradition of serving the upper class in order to pursue a romantic vision; the term was also synonymous with a rejection of social mores. Bohemians were avowed Libertines who indulged their senses freely, discarding conventional morality for a life of intoxication and a decidedly modern approach to sexuality.
Bohemianism ultimately became mainstream; full of its characteristic decadence but empty of its social and creative purpose.
Bohemian Homeless

"Boho" is an abbreviation of Bohemian Homeless, self-descriptive of the style. It is a style that disengages itself from mainstream fashion and might best be described as "a look of contrived dishevelment." Boho fashion is romantic and flowing and often includes vintage items and elements from various cultures. The colors used are rich and vibrant, and patterns are mixed with abandon. Garments are frequently long and loose, and outfits are layered. No Boho outfit is complete without accessories such as necklaces, bracelets and dangly earrings.
Bohemians are more free-spirited and don’t dress to conform but to please themselves. Also, one does not need to be rebellious to employ the Bohemian style. This look can be easily pulled by an independent, unconventional, free-spirited, and a life-loving woman with the help of mandatory elements including a general laid-back appearance, natural, free-flowing feminine fabrics, specific accessories, and specific outfit designs. You just need to be self-expressive, laid back, and creative.
Boho goth

The Boho look became especially popular after Sienna Miller's appearance at the Glastonbury Festival in 2004, although some of its features were apparent from photographs of her taken in October 2003 and of others living in or around North Kensington, an area of London associated with bohemian culture since the mid-1950s.
Boho

The term Boho “Chic”, meaning elegant and refined in French, is simply a more curated Boho look. It is a style of fashion drawing on various bohemian and hippie influences, which, at its height in late 2005 was associated particularly with actress Sienna Miller and model Kate Moss in the United Kingdom and actress and businesswoman Mary-Kate Olsen in the United States. It has been seen since the early 1990s and, although appearing to wane from time to time, has repeatedly re-surfaced in varying guises.
Boho chic
In a Boho Chic look, pieces may be more closely fitted, more coordinated and using more neutral colors than Boho, but the style is still very self-expressive. It's carefree, worldly, eclectic, and blends the old and the new for a one-of-a-kind, life-well-lived look that expresses your unique personality. It looks more focused, polished and put-together in comparison to the effortless Boho style and gives it a more urbanized look.
 
To conclude, are the Hippie and Bohemian movement representative of the same values and serve a unified purpose? The answer is no. While both strive against conformity and champion freedom, self-expression and self-fulfilment, they are two completely different currents with different motives. The Bohemian movement emerged to rebel against social and cultural norms and advocate the return of freedom, beauty and truth through art expression and literature. Hippies, on the other hand, promote self-liberation through recreational drug use, sexual freedom, advocacy of communal living combined with a strong love for nature and pacifism. 
Fashion, in its own way, played a strong role in both movements. Members of both groups utilized it as one of the means to embody their ideology and complement their lifestyle, cut ties with the mainstream society and its confining norms as well as set themselves aside from the "normal" crowd.
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